DNA

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, or in Indonesian language is often called Eden which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA or of Eden is the genetic material contained in the body of every person who inherited from their parents. DNA present in the cell nucleus in the structure of chromosomes and the mitochondria.

Function as a blueprint that serves as the code for each man as to hair color, eye shape, face shape, skin color, and others. Introduction of the DNA structure was introduced by Francis Crick, a British scientist and James Watson from the United States in 1953.

DNA structure to facilitate what we understand as DNA, you try to think of a sentence. The sentence is composed of several words. And every word is formed from some alphabet. In other words, the alphabet is a basic element of many languages. A similar principle can be applied to DNA. At the molecular level, "alphabet" of DNA provided by the primary. What amazing is that the "alphabet" consists only of four letters A, C, G, and T, which is a symbol of the chemical bases adenine, cytosine (cytosine), guanine, and thymine. These compounds form an exclusive bond, in which adenine is always paired with thymine and guanine always pairs with cytosine.

The shape of the DNA double helix is like the one with the meeting. DNA consists of 4 base pairs A, C, G, and T which are chemical components that contain nitrogen. The sequence of bases in the DNA molecule is the determining genetic information contained in it. In short, this sequence determines almost everything about you, from hair color, skin color, to shape your nose.

Every human being has 23 pairs of chromosomes consisting of 22 pairs of somatic chromosomes and 1 pair of sex determining chromosomes. XX chromosomes determine the sex of a person with a female and XY for a man who sex male. Chromosome is obtained from the parents, half from the mother and half from the father.

DNA test

On mitochondrial DNA known as mitochondrial DNA obtained from the mothers overall. Test by taking one's mitochondrial DNA could identify whether someone has a family relationship with the family of the mother or the maternal family relationships. Way by comparing the mitochondrial DNA that has a biological mother, grandmother or siblings from the mother.

Because a mother fully lowered mitochondrial DNA to her son, what about fathers? A father will inherit a Y chromosome in her son (because the Y chromosome has only male XY sex chromosomes). While girls do not have Y chromosomes (XX female sex chromosome).

To prove the family's relationship with his father's side can be done by comparing the Y chromosomes of a child with her biological father or the brother of the father. Because the Y chromosome examination only for boys, then how to do DNA tests on a girl?

DNA testing is done by taking DNA from somatic chromosomes. Ties of DNA in the somatic almost the same in every person from serving form and function of organs. Sequence errors can cause interference with the human in question. But at the core of these cells also have the area known as the area of STR (short tandem repeats). This area does not give the code to do something.

STR is what is unique because it is different for each person. The difference lies in the sequence of base pairs generated and the sequence repetition STR. AGACC sequence will be different with someone who has a string of AGACT. So is the order of repetition that is unique. STR pattern is inherited from parents.

How do DNA test?

In this example is a DNA test to prove whether a child really is the biological child of a husband and wife. How to check the DNA tests done by taking the child STR. Furthermore, the laboratory will be analyzed this sequence string STR same whether the order with someone who made the pattern of a child. The order is not the only one because the examination is continued by looking at the number of chromosomes.

For example, a child's examination found that the chromosome number 3 has a sequence repetition AGACT with 2 times. When the father or mother who claimed his biological parents also have the same loop on the same chromosome number, it can be concluded between the 2 people that have family connections.

A person can be said to have a blood relationship if you have 16 STR is equal to her birth family. When the order and repetition of the same, then the two people who checked has ties siblings or close blood relations. This amount is quite small compared to the overall bonding in the spiral of our bodies, amounting to billions.

DNA tests done by taking a little part of your body to compare with other people. Parts that can be taken to check the hair, saliva, urine, vagina fluid, semen, blood and other body tissues. This sample will not change one's lifetime. The use of alcohol, tobacco or drugs will not change the structure of DNA. The results of DNA tests will be run from a new patient can be 2-4 weeks. The cost required for DNA tests this time around 7 to 8 million rupiah.

Benefits of DNA testing

DNA testing has now become a trend to prove the link one's blood relations. Given the many infidelities and free sex, has produced many children who questioned the origin of their parents. Because of that, many couples do DNA tests to prove the origin of these children were born.

Even in some countries, many DNA testing clinics. Many also are using DNA tests because of suspicion against her partner. Some people leave personal items owned by his partner to the clinic to be tested whether the spouses connect with others who are not spouses.

In the police, DNA testing is also used for forensic tests. DNA testing is the most accurate evidence to test a person identification than fingerprints. With DNA testing, police can provide authentic evidence of the bodies that have been destroyed, provided that tissue samples can be taken on these corpses.

In addition to detect family relationships, DNA testing also serves to detect a particular disease until the disease is complex. With a DNA test to know the cause of a disease that is much less hereditary.

Technological advances have made more new things to learn. DNA is now the tests identify the most accurate and reliable. Information about the DNA tests on the hope to help you know more closer to the process.